Friendship in A Thousand Splendid Sons by Khaled...

â€Å"Without relationships there would be no form, no creation, no intelligence, no love and no universe†. Relationships are defined as emotional bonds between people whether they are peers, parents or admirers. This specific quote by J.J. Dewey expresses that without relationships love, specifically ceases to exist. An important type of relationship in our society is friendship. Women, specifically create nurturing and emotionally-fulfilling bonds with each other. They can create satisfying exchanges of ideas and feelings and find a way to increase inner strength and fulfillment in each other. An example of strong female bonding occurred in an epic novel, A Thousand Splendid Sons. Hosseini’s development of character through female bonding is†¦show more content†¦By stating this compliment Nana provided Mariam a sense of love and support. Also Nana’s various attempts of badmouthing Jalil was a way to convince Mariam to stay with her instead of her fathe r. This also displayed her love for Mariam since she obviously didn’t want her to move away. She also demonstrated her affection by dismissing the option of school. She conveyed her message by stating that students would make fun of her and call her a harami. She ended her point with â€Å"You’re all I have. I won’t lose you to them.† (pg 18.) This proves that she does not want her daughter to get hurt and that she does not want to lose her. In addition her final commitment of suicide showcased how much Mariam meant to her. She specifically told Mariam â€Å"Don’t leave me, Mariam jo. Please stay. I’ll die if you go.† (pg 27.) This justifies my point about Nana finding inner strength and fulfillment through Mariam. Even though she went through several hardships in her youth she was able to move on by seeking support and company from Mariam’s presence. Throughout the novel Laila’s relationship with her daughter, Aziza was a powerful and familial bond. Her pregnancy brought her hope and strength since her child was the only reminder of her one true love, Tariq. She expressed her emotions by stating, â€Å"A part of Tariq was still alive inside her, sprouting tiny arms, growing translucent hands. How could she jeopardize the only thing she had left of him, of her old life?† (pg219) ThisShow MoreRelatedEssay about Characters of The Kite Runner854 Words   |  4 PagesPublished by Riverhead Books in 2003, Khaled Hosseini wrote The Kite Runner, a powerful story of love, fear, friendship, redemption, and the reality of the cruel world we live in. In this tale, you develop a personal relationship with the characters as you feel their emotions. Khaled Hosseini brings his characters to life eloquently. The relationship between son and father, rich and poor, countryman and his country, Pashtun and Hazara, friend and brother, andRead MoreSummary Of A Thousand Splendid Suns 1467 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter The plot of A Thousand Splendid Suns revolves around two protagonists: Laila and Mariam. Most of the story’s characters are round, but Mariam and Laila are exceptionally complex. Mariam is a harami, a bastard, that leaves her mother, Nana, in order to live with Jalil, her father. Jalil rejects her, and Jalil and Mariam later regret the decisions that they made at that point in their lives. Mariam is a quiet, thoughtful, and kind woman who was born in Herat, and her face has been describedRead MoreComparing A Thousand Splendid Sons and The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini1945 Words   |  8 Pagesthe course of a whole lifetime†¦Ã¢â‚¬  –Khaled Hosseini. The comparison between the novel, A Thousand Splendid Sons, and movie, The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini is inevitable. In both cases, each character goes through changes, leaving what was once a part of their daily routines just a memory. The Kite Runner is a movie about friendship, betrayal, and the price of loyal ty. It is about the bonds between fathers and sons, and the power of their lies. A Thousand Splendid Suns is an outstanding, heart-wrenchingRead MoreThe Chalice And The Blade, By Charlotte Bronte And A Thousand Splendid Suns By Khaled Hosseini1360 Words   |  6 Pagessociety is favored over the other, and a partnership model, where both genders are treated and created equal. The characters from our third quarter reading, from Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte and A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini, find ways to embrace certain partnership values of courage, friendship, and equality that help them break free of domination. First, Charlotte Bronte depicts Jane Eyre as an expressive character. Bronte presents Jane to develop the partnership value of courage whenRead MoreA Thousand Splendid Suns By Khaled Hosseini2047 Words   |  9 Pages4 Main Characters In A Thousand Splendid Suns, Khaled Hosseini brings his story to life through Mariam, Laila, Rasheed, and Tariq. These four characters help Hosseini illustrate life in Afghanistan during the 1960s to the early 2000s. Mariam was born to a wealthy man and a housekeeper. She lives with her mother in a little shack a distance from her father’s mansion because he is ashamed of her and didn’t want her birth to ruin his reputation. He preferred to act like nothing happened rather thanRead MoreReview Of A Thousand Splendid Suns Essay3732 Words   |  15 PagesTHE AFTER EFFECTS OF WAR IN KABUL AS BASED ON A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Award of Degree of Bachelors of Arts (Hons.) in English Submitted By: Supervised By: Sahib Alam Shaily Dabra Ma’am SYNOPSIS The title of the current research is ‘the after-effects of war in Kabul’ based on the novel-A THOUSAND SPLENDID SUNS. The novel portrays the theme of war and it’sRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1779 Words   |  8 Pagesbeen peeking into that deserted alley for the last-twenty-six years. This is the beginning of a famous book, The Kite Runner, written by Khaled Hosseini, a world-known writer who was born in Afghanistan in 1965. This book gives me lots of surprise when I devoted all myself into it. Hosseini wrote many interesting and meaningful books such as A thousand splendid sun and And the mountain echoed which can be best describe the impoverished life in Afghanistan that time. The humanity, Love, and the sinRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book And The Mountains Echoed By Khaled Hosseini2562 Words   |  11 Pagesis to review the book ‘And the mountains echoed’ by Khaled Hosseini. This thesis will deal with the characters and the emotions they portray throughout the book. The book was published in 2013 and received a favourable response overall. It later on became a bestseller like the author’s other two books: ‘The kite runner’ and ‘A thousand splendid suns’. Within a short span of 5 months, it sold over 3 million copie s. Being his pattern, Hosseini drew on his early experiences in Afghanistan to createRead MoreBelonging Essay4112 Words   |  17 PagesAF Hemingway, Ernest, A clean well-lighted place, in Complete short stories AF Hinton, S.E. Outsiders YA Home and away: Australian stories of belonging and alienation ed. Bennett, Bruce AF Hosseini, Khaled The kite runner AF YA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Kite_Runner Hosseini, Khaled A thousand splendid suns AF YA Irving, John The cider house rules AF Ishiguro, Kazuo Never let me go AF Hulme, Keri The bone people AF Jones, Lloyd Mister Pip AF Joyce, James Ulysses AF Kafka, Franz Metamorphosis

Demand Curve Essay examples - 976 Words

5:26 PM (CDT) Unit 4 - Individual Project Assignment Overview Go To: Type: Individual Project Unit: Market Structure and Firm Strategy Due Date: Mon, 3/14/16 Grading Type: Numeric Points Possible: 200 Points Earned: 0 Deliverable Length: 1000-1500 words Assignment Details Scenario Learning Materials Reading Assignment My Work: Online Deliverables: Submissions Assignment Details Assignment Description Weekly tasks or assignments (Individual or Group Projects) will be due by Monday and late submissions will be assigned a late penalty in accordance with the late penalty policy found in the syllabus. NOTE: All submission posting times are based on midnight Central Time. You are starting your own Internet†¦show more content†¦Please submit your assignment. For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials. Reading Assignment Editorial Board Chapter 7, 8 Click intellipath video to watch a video on Getting Started in Intellipath. Click intellipath_Suggestions Click intellipath for Student Tips about the Intellipath assignment. Click intellipath for Frequently Asked Questions about the intellipath assignment. Assignment Objectives Describe and apply the economic perspectives of scarcity and opportunity costs. Analyze current news events and apply basic economic concepts to everyday problems and situations. Utilize the tools of economics for decision making for a firm operating in a market economy Cite examples of the various forms of market structure: pure competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly Analyze current news events and apply basic economic concepts to everyday problems and situations. Utilize the tools of economics for decision making for a firm operating in a market economy Cite examples of the various forms of market structure: pure competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly and monopoly Discuss the impact of current economic trends and realities on politics, the workplace and the quality of individual lives. Other Information There is no additional information to display at this time. Legend Extra Credit View Assignment Rubric Assignment Details AssignmentShow MoreRelatedDemand Curve, Supply Curve Equilibrium. The Demand Curve995 Words   |  4 PagesDemand Curve, Supply Curve Equilibrium The demand curve can be shown in a graph and it reflects the relationship between the price and amount of a commodity that people are able and willing to buy at a set price. The demand curve slopes downward because are more prone to buying a good as the price declines. For example, coffee drinkers may be willing to buy more cups of Starbucks coffee if a medium cup of regular coffee sells for $1.49 versus $2.10. Instead of buying one cup a day they may buyRead MoreDemand Curve And The Supply Curve1302 Words   |  6 Pagesthere is a gap between supply and demand. This is demonstrated by two curves which are the demand curve and the supply curve. Consumers of a product are encouraged to increase purchasing when the government decreases prices and as price rises to decrease purchasing, whereas, suppliers are encouraged to increase production when prices are high and decrease production when prices fall. The market model shows that at one point the demand curve and the supply curve inte rsect. This is called the equilibriumRead MoreDemand Curve And The Supply Curve2004 Words   |  9 PagesIf we draw a Demand-Supply curve, the point where the demand curve and the supply curve meet is the market equilibrium which is the price at which quantity supplied equals quantity demanded. In this question, the equilibrium price is $20 and equilibrium quantity is 3, here at equilibrium price, the number of sellers and number of buyers are same which is 3, so there is no pressure for price to change. But if it is $24, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied so there will be excessRead MoreSupply and Demand and Demand Curve1340 Words   |  6 Pages1. Suppose there are 100 consumers with identical individual demand curves. When the price of a movie ticket is $8, the quantity demanded for each person is 5. When the price is $4, the quantity demanded for each person is 9. Assuming the law of demand holds, which of the following choices is the most likely quantity demanded in the market when the price is $6? Explain and show calculations, While the question asks of the choices given what the quantity demanded will be, there are no choicesRead MoreSupply and Demand and Demand Curve2892 Words   |  12 Pagesdividend of $40 for the current year, what is the approximate present value of this stock, given at discount rate of 5% and a dividend growth rate of 3%? Answer: P = $40/(0.05 - 0.03) = $40/0.02 = $2,000 Topic 2: Supply and Demand 1) Suppose that the demand for oranges increase. Explain the long -run effects of the guiding function of price in this scenario. Answer: In the long run, the higher price of oranges will signal more firms to enter the orange market, as it will seemRead MoreSupply and Demand and Demand Curve1832 Words   |  8 Pagesis discrimination against them in other areas of the city. Rents paid are a very high percent of peoples’ incomes. (a) Would the demand for apartments in this area be relatively inelastic or relatively elastic? State why. (b) Would the supply of apartments in this area be relatively inelastic or relatively elastic? State why. 1 (c) Draw the demand and supply curves as you have described them, showing the initial equilibrium price and quantity. Label carefully. (d) Now assume the government createsRead MoreEconomics Behind the Demand Curve4004 Words   |  17 PagesSupplement to Unit - II BEHIND THE DEMAND CURVE: THE THEORY OF CONSUMER CHOICE Here, the purpose is to explain the derivation of the demand function and to provide an understanding of the consumer decision-making process. Consumer Preferences Individuals make choices based on their personal tastes and preferences. Tastes and preferences are shaped by many factors. Some of the factors are family environment, physical condition, age, sex, education, religion, and location. In the analysis thatRead MoreDemand Curve for A-Phone781 Words   |  3 PagesThe figure above shows the demand curve for A-Phone. Due to the similarity in specifications between the A-Phone and the Pomegranate the only hope that the A-Phone has when it comes to increase its demand is to reduce its price. Price elasticity of demand refers to how a change in price of a commodity ends up affecting the quantity demanded of that commodity. Income is one of the factors that influence price elasticity of demand. An overall increase in income means that the consumers can afford toRead More Demand Curves Essay828 Words   |  4 PagesGraphs and Works Cited Demand is the quantity of a commodity that will be required at any given price over some given period of time. For the majority of the goods and services, experience shows that the quantity demanded will increase as the price falls. (Stanlake 155) This characteristic can be shown by a demand curve. A demand curve is a graphical representation of the data in table with values of demand called a demand schedule. A good that is in greater demand do to income increases isRead MoreThe Supply And Demand Curve951 Words   |  4 PagesA shift on the supply and demand curve will subsequently effect pricing, an example of this is the increase of coffee supply in 1998. Using data collected by the ICO, it is found that supply of coffee increased from 99,550 (in thousand 60 kg bags) in 1997/8 to 108,858 (in thousand 60 kg bags) in 1998/9. This can be explained due to an increase in suppliers with the addition of Yemen, Guyana and Loa, this will affect total production by increasing coffee produ cing countries, whilst simultaneously

The Ethics Principle Adoption For Working And Individual...

1. What is your key learning from the articles? My specific insight from this study is that I have perceived in the ethics principle adoption for working and individual decision on the ethics framework. When I have thought about ethics, it can be seemed to talk about the discipline or concern about judgement and responsibility on rightness. I have had research about the definition of ethics. Ethics is the way of individual and society has to do morality, but morality could be reality norms bias and emotion (Jonasson and Ingason 2013). The ethics means thinking to deal with judging on the rightness or wrongness of the human behaviour (Kliem L. 2012), two sources both likely seem to be similarly meaning of ethics. I now recognize that the ethics is the honesty of human on their judgement, behaviour and the rightness. Furthermore, my opinion about the ethics and moral behaviour both is probably abstract, this cannot measure by tools or equipment but it can be observed and monitoring directly those acts of human nature. For instance, the case of my previous colleague, he has lack of the ethics and the faithful to do a good employee and also selfish, this situation make him dismissal and was incarcerated two years. He was senior field engineer and had worked long time for the firm. In that time, he worked in one of the big project, he stole scrap steel bars to sell, and did not give back that money to the firm but he took the benefit of their own. He was investigated after theShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues Of The Ottawa Hospital Board1518 Words   |  7 Pagesthey increase their awareness and recognition of ethical issues, risk of ethical conflicts, and put into practice ethical decision-making as it applies to and aligns with the mission, vision and values of The Ottawa Hospital (Appendix1)1. The objective is to provide guidelines, ethical tools and resources. Board members can work with and build upon these to develop an ethics protocol of ‘best practices’ that addresses their needs. Once fully developed they should feel enabled to proactively identifyRead MoreManagement Information Systems And Ethics Essay5074 Words   |  21 Pages Management Information Systems and Ethics TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 3 Ethics 4 Information Systems 6 Importance of Ethics in Business 7 Ethics and Information Systems 9 Ethical Issues in Information Systems 11 Confidentiality 11 Social Responsibility 12 Management Information Systems and Ethics 13 Real business example about how MIS can improve working ethics...14 Ownership 14 Access 15 Privacy 16 Security 16 References 19Read MoreMedical Ethics And Abortion : A Moral And Ethical Dilemma Essay1662 Words   |  7 PagesMedical Ethics and Abortion Abortion is wrong because it is the murder of a human being. Abortion continues to be a moral and ethical dilemma for all those involved. The American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics states, â€Å"nurses have the ethical and moral obligation to promote and protect life.† Still, debates continue, opposing the belief of life against the principle of autonomy and a woman’s right to regulate her body. It is disputable that the right to have an abortion is a right to dominateRead MoreThe Value Of Ethical Conduct And Managing Diversity Essay1482 Words   |  6 Pagesabout avoiding misbehavior. Ethics involves the study of moral issues and choices, such as right versus wrong, good versus bad, and the many shades of gray in black and-white issues. Moral implications spring from virtually every decision, both on and off the job, and managers are challenged to do the right thing, as they work with and through others to achieve organizational objectives. One key differe nce between 21st-century managers and past managers is that ethics will be a forethought insteadRead MoreState Alcohol Board Inspector : An Inspector Calls Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagescounty office of the state’s Alcohol and Beverage Commission, also serves as a volunteer at a local a local animal rescue organization. The animal rescue organization holds â€Å"a gala every year, among other events, to raise money for animal protection, adoption, and medical care. The annual gala, for which Mary is serving as the event planner, is a widely recognized and well-attended community event.† The case of the State Alcohol Board Inspector shows how mixing position, charitable solicitation, andRead MoreComparing Decision Making Techniques And Consequences Essay1389 Words   |  6 PagesCompare and Contrast Decision-making Techniques and Consequences Introduction Personal ethics refers to an individual’s personal or self –modeled values and norms. These values are instilled in people while growing up with their parents and friends. They help in distinguishing what a person perceives to be right and wrong. General examples include a sense of responsibility, commitment, honesty, politeness, openness and alongside others. What an individual develops concerning fairness during childhoodRead MoreAutonomous Vehicles Need Experimental Ethics1711 Words   |  7 PagesAutonomous Vehicles Need Experimental Ethics: Are We Ready for Utilitarian Cars? In their article Autonomous Vehicles Need Experimental Ethics: Are We Ready for Utilitarian Cars? Bonnefon, Shariff, and Rahwan (2015) argue that the development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) comes with a slew of significant moral problems that can benefit from the utilisation of experimental ethics. Bonnefon et al. list the expected benefits that AVs will provide, such as improving traffic efficiency, reducing pollutionRead MoreLennar Corporation Case Study1395 Words   |  6 Pagesincreased dramatically. This paper discusses Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the context of business ethics, a S.W.O.T. analysis and P.E.S.T.E.L. analysis of the Lennar Corporation, possible solution(s) to improve Lennar’s behavior relative to CSR and business ethics to regain the public trust. Key issues: Facing numerous problems such as fraudulent trading, improper ethics, and indiscrete (environmental pollution) construction practices.   Lennar was embarked down a path of destructionRead MoreThe On The Killer Robot Scenario1497 Words   |  6 Pagesstudy, as it shows the adverse effects of small negative decisions ( or neutrality ) focused into a large undesired, negative outcome: the death of a person. The case study introduced us to a number of persons who had a saying in the evolution of the events, who, if had abode by a code of ethical conduct, could have avoided the harsh consequences. The following report means to present the reader the proof that the use of a particular code of ethics can make the difference between a successful resultRead MoreThe Role and Responsibility of Company Leadership in Shaping Organizational Culture1712 Words   |  7 Pagesorganization, usually constituted by the employees’ shared values, beliefs, symbols, and behaviors. The organizational culture ideally influences its decisions and actions (Tharp, n. d). (Watkins, 2013) also defines organizational culture as a consistent and observable pattern of behavior in organizations. An organization’s culture channelizes individual decisions and actions at a subconscious level, and thus, can have a potent effect on an organization’s success. Organizational cultures facilitate the existence

Patriarchy By Mary Kincaid s Girl - 1699 Words

Patriarchy has been part of the social and political systems since the beginning of time and yet most people do not even know that it exists. Patriarchy is a system in which it is believed that men are superior to all, especially women, and are believed to have the right to dominate over the weak. Moreover, patriarchy is pre-determined and little has been done to change it. Through â€Å"Understanding Patriarchy† by bell hooks one is able to infer and understand implied themes and ideas in Jamaica Kincaid’s â€Å"Girl.† The idea of patriarchy and the issues that arise from it, as portrayed by hooks, is evident in the mother-daughter relationship illustrated by Kincaid. Patriarchy, hooks asserts, has a negative effect on all females, young and old. Being that patriarchy is a system in which men are superior to women, and that everything is pre-determined, it is evident that women are suppressed, regarded to be inferior to the opposite gender. bell hooks explains t hat while growing up she was taught that her role was to serve, to nurture, and to be weak (hooks, 70). The idea that she had to not only refrain from acting like men but submit to them as well was instilled in her from an early age. Moreover, hooks was told what emotions she should and should not have and were also encouraged to express only her acceptable emotions (hooks, 70). Women are constantly being told what to do and what to feel with no regard to their actual feelings, needs, or desires. Furthermore, women are not

Corporate Venturing Of Samsung Company †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Venturing Of Samsung Company. Answer: Introduction Samsung Company is an international corporation that is involved in producing electronic products such as radios, televisions, and phones. Lee Byung-Chul founded the Samsung Company in 1938 as a traditional company. The name Samsung literally means Korean hanja, this means Tri-Star implying something big and powerful. Samsung Company has been in the international electronics industry for the last decades because of its prevailing technological intervention and innovation, the company main competitors in the market include Sony, Apple Inc., and Motorola(Lee, 2006). Despite operating in a competitive market, Samsung Company has posted a KRW 53.33 trillion in consolidated revenue, the company has also reported over KRW 9.22 trillion operating profit for the quarter. In 2016, the company reported KRW 201.87 trillion and operating of KRW 29.24 trillion. The fourth quarter earnings in 2016 were driven by the essential business strategies inaugurated by the company top management(Mitchell, 2010). The company success is ordained by the corporate venturing on different business components mainly on the Memory and Display Panel segment, their manufactures are OLED and LCD screens. The excellent sales value is contributed by the high performance of the memory products, large shipment of large-size UHD panels and OLED. These business strategies led to increase in company operating profits(Hayton, 2005). Samsung Logo A business logo has been defined as a source of every business success. Samsung Company Logo has played a fundamental role in ensuring that the corporation name is known in the work technological industry, it is one of the models of marketing that is used by the company to gain more success. According to the study, the first enlargement of the company image was started in 1993. Samsung Company has driven its business strategies that will enhance corporate identity of its products in the market(Madhavaram, Badrinarayanan, McDonald, 2005). Currently, the company is using a blue background that was designed to show the indefinite shape that elaborates on the impression of modernization as well as advanced business corporate strategies. The consumers in the market recognize the company products by viewing at the logo(Percy, 2014). Samsung Company has released different types of products that are considered to meet the demands and needs of the consumers in the market. The company informed its all new products by using a business slogan, Inspire the World, Create the Future, this slogan as used by the Samsung Company implies the essence of chasing the future with new inspirable products(Hayton, 2005). The slogan is used by the company to inform its consumers that they are moving forward towards improving its products and brands in the market. Theoretical Concepts Since the foundation of the Samsung Company in 1969, the company has counted its success based on many business components and concepts that are critical to any business enterprise, especially those that operate in the large market. The company has expanded in many areas of business, the executives of the company have capitalized on strategic measures that are recognized to have positive influential approach to the business organization(Banerjee, 2009). Marketing Strategies Management is explained as the process that entails coordinating the fundamental activities of the business organization with an aim of accomplishing the strategic goals and objectives of the company(Pride Ferrell, 2016). Management comprises the vital approaches of marketing, marketing is outlined as a strategic management approach that involves the process of transforming goods from their original concept to the consumer. Marketing strategies comprise the implementation of marketing mix approach, where 4ps are considered as the essential components(Pitts, 2017). Marketing communication Marketing is a fundamental part of management that comprises the process through which goods and services are transformed from their original concepts to the consumers, it entails the process of coordinating the four components of marketing, the four elements are the product, price, place, and promotion(Madhavaram, Badrinarayanan, McDonald, 2005). Marketing communication is part of marketing that ensures that all the important information reasonably linked together with the purpose of accomplishing the company goals and objectives(Lee, 2006). The marketing communication is described as the marketing component that enhances that all the marketing promotional tools are harmonized collectively. Marketing communication is the important part of organization management strategies, it defines the communication channels, media that are used to convey important information to the consumers(Percy, 2014). Samsung Company has confirmed the importance of implementing marketing and communication policies, the company has coordinated all marketing approaches that are recognized to positively influence the company business activities. Advertisement The advertisement is the main element of marketing communication. It entails the process of using TV, radio, and posters to promote products and services. The Samsung Company certifies the importance of advertisement marketing approach The Company has made TV advertisement to promote brand awareness in the market. Samsung Company and Chile Worldwide Agency have recently focus to implement the advertising campaigns about its new products in the market(Banerjee, 2009). Sales promotion Sales promotion in marketing acts as the pivot of the company success. Marketing communication in an organization advocates the process of implementing sales promotion as a fundamental constituent of marketing. The Samsung Company has offered bonus to the consumers who purchase new products and trading-off their products with previous one. By implementing on sales promotion, the consumers are allowed to receive the value of their products(Madhavaram, Badrinarayanan, McDonald, 2005). Internet marketing The Internet is considered as an essential element of marketing communication in a business organization. Samsung Company has capitalized on internet marketing where social media is considered as a primary element of internet market. YouTube and Facebook are the largest social media that are used by Samsung Company to attained its marketing objectives(Singhania, 2006). Samsung innovative Strategy Every electronic customer knows about Samsung Company which is a leading electronics company in the world market. Inspire the World, Create the Future is a slogan that has made the company focus on the innovative business strategies that will ensure the company is gaining a competitive advantage in the market(James , 2011). Many critics have arisen arguing that Samsung Company is copying its designs from Apple Inc. which is the main competitor in the market. The company innovation in screen technology, batteries, TVs, and chip designs is known to be exceptional in the market as compared with other players in the market. The Samsung Company innovative strategy is drawn from earlier 1990s and 2000 when they started to adopt a comprehensive systemic approach to innovation, this earlier capitalization of innovative approaches has contributed to the current business success(Karimi Walter, 2016). Samsung Company innovative strategy has natured a good relationship with Russian Academy of Science, the two parties agreed on major approaches that may lead to competitive advantage. Innovation at Samsung is promoted by the support that is given by Korea Government, the government provided incentives to Korean business enterprises to develop projects under the Academy research(Mitchell, 2010). Samsung Company is known to be part of the agencies that help Academy research as it increases its patent count as well as exploiting its interventions of ideas. The corporations of Russian Academy of Science with Korean Government have obliged the Samsung Company to cooperatively venture their business activities to other small business organization. Samsung Company totally different strategy from Apple Innovation strategy at Samsung Company is described as a model that has made the company to be the leading electronic producer in the industry, this business model has kept the competitors at a bay. Apple Inc. is the largest market player in the technological market, it is one of the market giants that compete with Samsung Company. In the last few years, Samsung Company has been working extensively to catch up with the Smartphone market. The Samsung Company has inaugurated new strategies of improving the existing product in the market. In 2013, Samsung Company introduced new product, the Galaxy S4 smartphone(Max, 2013). The Samsung Galaxy S4 smartphone flagship was the latest product in the market, it had a massive screen and impressive features. The product also had friendly software that allows the consumers to use the product effectively. The present business environment puts Samsung Company in a sea of challenges and defeats, the aspects of globalization, as well as the technological changes, accelerate the challenges and defeats affecting the Samsung Company. Innovative strategy used by Samsung Company in the market is embed and inside innovation strategies that truly contribute to the game-changing in the market. Research Approach The mobile manufacturers are currently operating in highly and large competitive business environment. The technology companies are developing new technology product that is considered too important to the 21st-century market environment. Innovation and release of new product designs evolutes through many technological advancements. Every market player in the technology industry is extensively working to maintain and improve their market positions(John , 2012). The research report contents are projected from the different departments of the organizations, including marketing sector. The foundation of the research is based on the geographical division of Samsung Company and their business activities. Samsung Company is a South Korean corporation that operates in 65 countries with over 170, 000 employees working for the company. The business strategy of Samsung Company is focus to present an interesting case since it pursuing both product differentiation approaches and cost leadership in the market(James , 2011). Data Analysis And Discussion: Entrepreneurial Intensity The entrepreneurial intensity is a business strategic management approach that defines the levels of entrepreneurship within a given organization. An entrepreneurial intensity is comprehended when its orientation to the business is associated with the performance of the company. Entrepreneurship is a foundation aspect of EI as a business strategic management approach, it is defined as the process of accumulating the available resources and intercepting the ideas to exploit a business opportunity(Morris, Kuratko, Covin, 2010). Measuring innovation at Samsung Company The core factor that has kept the Samsung Company on the move of being among the leading technology companies in the market is the fact that it capitalizes on market research. This implies that the company is primary defines its success by conducting technical research in the market with regard to the needed products(Kuratko, 2016). Samsung Company spends more time doing research as compared to other market players such as Apple Inc., Sony, and Microsoft. Inspire the World, Create the Future, is a business slogan that is used by Samsung Company anticipate for its future performance in the market. The company has focus to adopt the corporate venturing strategic management approach. The future investment adopted by the company has allowed the company to be the leading producer in manufacturing of memory chips, Phones, TVs, multimedia, and LCD. Samsung Company has been able to maintain its entrepreneurial drives as it implements on the essential entrepreneurial aspects. Samsung innovation is one of the business aspects that has kept the company to kept competitors at bay. Over 170,000 employees who are spread in 18 research centers in the world succeed innovation strategies for the company(Karimi Walter, 2016). New path to sustainable competitive advantage Every business organization in the current business environment is exploiting on different measures that will contribute to their success. Primarily business environment is constituted by different aspect that may prevent the business organization to gain competitive advantage in the market. Samsung Company is in the front line of adopting new measures that will provide solutions to the business challenges. Entrepreneurship Intensity is a business strategy that has allowed Samsung Company to gain a sustainable competitive advantage in the market. The process of obtaining business advantage in the market confirms the aspect of focusing on the entrepreneurial characteristics. The expedition of competitive advantage in the market obliges company and the managers to inaugurate on the entrepreneurial features. The managers of Samsung Company are known to adapt existing and new market with entrepreneurial characteristics. Aggressiveness, innovativeness, and adaptability are the entrepreneurial aspects installed by the Samsung Company(Max, 2013). Climate for Corporate Entrepreneurship In the current business environment, the business organization is focused on the entrepreneurial behaviors. Samsung Company management led by Lee Byung-Chul are working appropriately to create entrepreneurial climate. Samsung Company has gained the reputation of being a fast follower after Apple Inc, the Samsung Company is dispersedly adopting the approach of creating a corporate entrepreneurial climate by innovative and developing new products(Max, 2013). The corporate entrepreneurship climate of Samsung Company is promoted by the support from the Korean government that provides free tax incentives as well as offering investment capitals. Unlike other players in the market, Samsung has focused mainly on the existing markets, the company has studied the markets and innovating inside them(Karimi Walter, 2016). Conclusion Samsung Company is an international company that is involved in production of electronic products. Lee Byung-Chul founded the company in 1938 as a trading company. Corporate venturing is a fundamental business approach that allows the business organization to focus on the future investment. Entrepreneurship and innovation are the key aspects of corporate venturing. Inspire the World, Create the Future, is a business slogan that is used by the Samsung Company to focus on the future investment. The slogan is used by the Samsung Company to improve the existing product as it also produces inspirable products. Marketing is part of the management, it involves the process where the materials are transformed from their original concept to the consumer concepts. Marketing involves the coordination of 4 marketing mix, this strategies involves, product, price, promotion and place. Marketing communication is an element of marketing that constitutes the process of coordinating all the essential information to the consumers. Innovation and entrepreneurship are the key features that contributes to the success of an organization. Innovation strategies at Samsung Company contribute to sustainable business advantage. Corporate entrepreneurship allows the business organization and mangers to create a productive organizational behavior. References Banerjee, S. (2009). Marketing communication through brand placement: A strategic roadmap. Journal of Marketing Communication, 5(2), 4-22. Hayton, C. J. (2005). Promoting corporate entrepreneurship through human resource management practices: A review of empirical research. James , M. (2011, October ). Samsungs Corporate Venturing Strategy. Retrieved October 10, 2011, from https://hbr.org/2011/10/corporate-venturing-rhymes-wit John , D. (2012). Research-Methodology. Samsung Electronics. Retrieved May 3, 2012 , from https://research-methodology.net/samsung-electronics/ Karimi , J., Walter, Z. (2016). Corporate entrepreneurship, disruptive business model innovation adoption, and its performance: The case of the newspaper industry. Long Range Planning, 49(3), 342-360. Kuratko, D. F. (2016). Corporate entrepreneurship. The Routledge Companion to the Makers of Modern Entrepreneurship, 154. Lee, D. (2006). Samsung Electronics: the global inc. LEE Dongyoup. Madhavaram, S., Badrinarayanan, V., McDonald, R. (2005). Integrated marketing communication (IMC) and brand identity as critical components of brand equity strategy: A conceptual framework and research propositions. Journal of Advertising, 34(4), 6. Max, N. (2013, March 15). Samsung Has A Totally Different Strategy From Apple, And It's Working Great. Retrieved March 15, 2013, from https://www.businessinsider.com/samsung-corporate-strategy-2013-3?IR=T Mitchell, T. (2010). Samsung Electronics: And the Struggle for Leadership of the Electronics Industry,. Wiley Publications. Morris, M. H., Kuratko, D. F., Covin, J. G. (2010). Corporate entrepreneurship innovation. Cengage Learning. Percy, L. (2014). Strategic integrated marketing communications. Routledge. Pickton, D., Broderick, A. (2001). Integrated marketing communications. Harlow:: Prentice Hall. Pitts, B. (2017). Sport Marketing. Understanding Sport Management: International Perspectives. Pride, W. M., Ferrell, O. C. (2016). Foundations of marketing. Cengage Learning. Samsung. (2017, January 24). Samsung Electronics Announces Fourth Quarter and FY 2016 Results. Retrieved January 24, 2017, from https://news.samsung.com/global/samsung-electronics-announces-fourth-quarter-and-fy-2016-results Singhania, P. (2006). Branding and its Competitive Advantage in Consumer Electronics Industry, Dissertation for M. A. Management Degree. Urban, B., Wood, E. (2017). The innovating firm as corporate entrepreneurship. European Journal of Innovation Management.

Impact of Internet Banking In Account Opening – A Case Study of HSBC

Question: Describe about the Impact of Internet Banking In Account Opening A Case Study of HSBC Holdings PLC ? Answer: Chapter 1: Introduction 1.0 Introduction With rapid advancements in technology and increasing competition in the business environment it has become important on the part of the organizations to make an effective use of technology for offering quality services to the customers and build a pool of satisfied customers. Moreover implementing modern technology in the operation facilitates the organizations to remain competitive and achieve sustainable competitive advantage in the business environment. Similar is the case in the banking sectors. Thus it shows that todays organizations are focused upon the sales and products to customer and clients oriented market. Todays main aim of the organization is to supply the customers needs and wants with better quality of the service and improving the customers service (Abu Bakar Munir, 2004). Now a days organization is achieved competitive market with the help of delivering better customers service because customer service works as a competitive weapon for organization. Thus in order to achieve customers perceptions and quality of the better service organization needs to adopt internet technology. Toady internet helps the organization to provide better opportunities and new ways of carrying out their business with more efficiency. Internet gives the better opportunities to the banking sectors in order to deliver their services to customers (Cronin, 1997). Electronic commerce is used to transfer the strategies of the business in the ways they deliver and sell their goods and services to the customers with the help of internet. Supply chain management, electronic fund transfer, electronic market, and electronic data exchange, online line processing and online marketing are the services provided by the electronic commerce to their customers. Internet banking provides more market opportunities and innovative services and products for both the customers and the bank. With the help of the internet banking customers transfer their funds, open new account, enquiry their account and pay their bill in an efficient manners from one place to another place. Online banking or internet banking service is adopted by the bank with the help of electronic commerce (EC). With the help of internet banking, bank delivering financial and banking services by ubiquitous nature. Mobile banking, internet banking, automatic teller machine, EFT and telephone banking are provided by the bank though online to their users or customers (Jayawardhena and Foley, 2000). Adoption of the internet banking by bank is beneficial to the bank customers and it has also some disadvantage. The main disadvantages of the internet banking are Protection and security of the clients financial data and information. With the help of internet banking system or process, o rganization has to improve their services and retain more customers, customers satisfactions and customers loyalty also increased. Thus the researcher in order to gain an overall understanding of the impact of internet banking in accounting opening focuses upon the operations of the HSBC Holdings Plc which is British multinational banking and financial services and is the second largest bank in the world. It has its headquarter in London in United kingdom. 1.1 Background of research Competition in an international market has increased due to deregulations and globalization, and today it is easier for the organization to compete within the international market. Due to increased number of customers in market, organization needs to try producing better quality of the products with low cost. Information technology is one of the ways by which the organization can achieve more customers and more profits. With the help of the information technology organization has changed their way of delivering services to the customers. Today customers want to self service options which are more fast and convenient and in addition advancement of the internet technology has changed the activity of the customs like banking and shopping. With the help of the internet bank delivery service is increased in recent year. Online service or internet services like online banking services are more attractive (Wagner and Yezril, 1999). Continence, providing better services, better control, saving more time and avoiding human contact is the reasons to prefer online banking services by the customers. Apart from then it is much easier to identify and compare with the other competing services regarding benefits. The main aim of the banking sectors is to provide better quality of services to their customers and with the help of better services organization retain more customers through online. Now the bank has to invest in internet infrastructure in order to achieve customers retentions and customers satisfaction. Todays bank focuses not only to achieve new customers but also retaining the existing customers and with the help of e-banking services bank is maintained better customers relationship management. In additions several financial institutions are using internet technology in order to deliver high quality of services and in this way manage customer relationship. Delivering the better quality of the services to the customers, organization is achieved high customers satisfactions and though it organization gain loyal customers or clients from the market (Loshin and Vacca, 2004). The financial institutions provided undifferentiated service and products to the customers and with the help of these services organization has to enhance service quality that is the main tool to sustain in the market for long terms. Thus from above it is observed that the customers satisfactions is the main aim of the organization and this is done if an organization has to give better services to their customers as compare to other organization or financial institutions. Thus in order to maintain better customers relationship organization like bank sectors gives the online services to their customers through internet. Online account opening facilities are introduced by the banks in order to achieve more customers and profits. Now it is seen that the approximately more than 54 percent users or customers are using internet services and in order to attract those customers, banks have introduced internet online banking service to the customers. 1.2 Statement of research problem Now it is seen that the information technology play the vital role and with the help of information technology bank introduced the internet banking service to their users. Thus it is said that the information technology is back-bone of the bank or finance system. Thus the advancement of the information technology has to change the current market scenario to provide better service and products (Hanna and Boyson, 1993). The research is based upon the impact on the internet banking in account opening. Therefore, privacy and security are the important issues and apart from them the customers have a several requirements and expectations regarding their service and website design. Apart from them several bank provides different type of the services that are raised issues in front of the organization due to lack of direct contact between the banks and customers. Delivering of the services through internet has rapidly changed. In order to develop better services and products through internet banking system banks are remained unnoticed to their customers that create problems in front of customers. Therefore financial instructions need to understand the needs of users and their expectations that help the organization in order to identify factors that affect customers intentions through internet. This is important issues and banking sectors have to formulate their strategies though internet banking in future. Lack of the banking services and the security are the problems of internet banking. Lacks of internet awareness and infrastructure are also creating problems in front of the users. 1.3 Aim and objective The main aim of the research is to identify and understand the impact of the internet banking on account. With the help of this research study, research also identified the effectiveness of the internet technology or online banking on customers and how internet banking improved customer and quality of the services. Thus, according to the aim of the research researcher has to establish the objective. These objectives are given below; To determine the impact of internet banking on customers satisfaction leading to number of account openings in the context of HSBC Holdings Plc. To gain and understand of the perception of the consumers towards internet banking. To identify the factors that motivate customers to adopt the services provided through internet banking in the context of HSBC Holdings Plc. To identify the impact of internet banking on the performance of the banking personal and performance of the bank as a whole in the context of HSBC Holdings Plc. 1.4 Question According to the objective and aim of the research, following questions are framed. These questions are given below; What are the impacts of internet banking on customers satisfactions? What are the different factors that motivate customers to adopt the service provided through internet? What is the impact of internet banking on the performance of the banking personal and performance of the bank as a whole taking into consideration the HSBC Holdings Plc performance and operations? What is the perception of the customers towards internet banking? 1.5 Significance of study The main significance of this study is to identify the importance of the internet banking. This study also helps the researcher to indentify the important of the customers satisfactions. How internet banking helps the customers in order to deliver the products and services in an efficient manner is identified with the help of this research paper (Whalen, 2001). The main significant of the internet banking is to ease of use, high performance, transactions efficiency and safety realizable. 1.6 Hypothesis of the Study Null Hypothesis: H0: Internet banking makes a significant impact on account opening. Alternative hypothesis: H1: Internet banking does not make any significant impact on account opening. Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.0 Introduction Internet banking can be defined as a term that describes the banking transactions like payment of bills, reviewing account statements, fund transfer, repaying of loan and mortgages performed through secured internet applications (Annamalah, 2010). Again it has been observed that internet banking is popular among the young individuals who are looked upon as tech savvy youngsters, but in the recent years its popularity has increased to a new level. This is mainly because of the fact that it tends to facilitate both the individuals as well as the bank with various advantages and benefits. Moreover the studies conducted by Fox, (2005), reveal the fact that internet banking in the recent times has gained popularity in most of the banks and financial institutions and thus it has facilitated them to enhance the banking experience on the part of the customers and the also on the part of the service providers and thus quality of the service provided can be looked upon as one of the most impor tant aspects in the context of the services provided by the banks via internet. Thus with the help of internet banking the banks have been successful in achieving efficiency in the performance of the banking personnel, the performance of the bank as a whole together with enhancing the banking experience of the customers. 2.1 HSBC Holdings Plc and its Reputation HSBC Holdings Plc is the worlds second largest bank in the world and it was founded in the year 1991in London and the international network of the company is operated through 9500 offices in almost 85 countries and territories including Asia, Europe, Africa, South and North America. It has also been observed that the company enjoys a customer base of 60 million customers across the globe. The company is listed on Hong Kong, New York, London, Bermuda and Paris stock exchanges (Hsbc.co.uk, 2008). The company has 200000 shareholders in almost 100 countries and territories. Moreover the bank with the help of an international network which is linked through advanced technology together with enhanced and effective utilization of e-commerce, the organization strives to cater to the specific needs of the customers by offering them wide range financial services that includes commercial banking, private banking, personal financial services, investment banking and various other financial servic es. Thus taking into consideration the above facts and figures, it can be inferred that the position that is enjoyed by HSBC Holdings Plc in the industry is justified and thus it possesses a positive perception on the part of the customers and also on the part of the investors. 2.2 Technological Innovations The studies conducted by Kaneshige, (1995), proposes the fact that advancements in technology led to the introduction of various innovative and new ways of offering banking services to the customers in the form ATMs and internet banking. Thus, banks can be looked upon as one of the early movers in the context of the adoption of advancements in technology. As a result of these advancements and innovations, internet banking in the recent times is looked upon by the banks as a means for replacing the traditions baking functions that were conducted in the branch of the banks. Various studies conducted by Sahut, (2006), reveal the fact that e-banking evolved in the early 1970s and this was considered by the banks as a replacement of the traditional functions and operations that are conducted within the branch. The main reasons behind such perception of the banks were identified as: Setting up and maintaining new branches is expensive and involves huge overhead costs. Internet banking services and products that include electronic fund transfer, online review of the account statement, etc was viewed upon as the factors that can facilitate the banks to achieve competitive advantage in the industry. Moreover innovations that have taken place in internet and mobile platforms has led to video banking, customer relationship management and social integration and these aspects provide assistance to the financial institutions and banks to remain connected with their customers on a virtual level (Abeka, 2013). It also facilitates them in gaining an understanding of the specific needs of the customers and catering to those needs accordingly. 2.3 Internet banking Internet banking refers to a diverse range of banking services that include making inquiries regarding the balance of the account, application for loans, transferring funds from one account to another and other services by making use of internet. With the emergence of internet banking, the traditional ways of offering banking services to the customers has faded away. However various researchers like Wah, (1999), also argued the fact that the emergence of internet baking would not pose significant impact on traditional banking i.e. traditional banks would not disappear in the future. Moreover the rapid advancements in technology would facilitate the banks to take care of the customers in a more effective and efficient manner and thus ti would prove to be much more beneficial to the customers. The various types of e-banking can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: Fig. 1: Forms of Banking [Source: www.anxiv.org] Again Hadden et al., (2002), proposed that the banking services can be accessed by the customers through different channels like interactions that take place between the banks and the customers within the bank branch, mobile banking and internet banking. Out of the abovementioned channels, it has been observed that internet and mobile banking is the most flexible forms of channels and they are also free from limitations like location and time. Again taking into consideration some secure transactions, the bank branches are considered as the primary banking channels which strives to offer physical locations in order to carry out some secured transactions Karjaluoto, 2002). The various banking channels can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: Fig. 2: Banking Channels [Source: www.banktech.com] Daniel, (1999), proposes the fact that internet banking is characterized with several features that tends to add value to the customers and the various features include the wide range of choices, effective control over ones own personal banking activities, convenience of access, security and the speed of transactions. Thus taking into consideration the point of view of the customers, it can be inferred that internet banking strives to offer a wide range of services which the customers cannot avail through the bank branches and it would also not be easy on the part of the bank offices to offer those services by operating through physical locations (Mattila, 2001). So internet banking facilitates the banks in offering customized services to individual customers. From the point of view of the banks, it is observed that internet banking facilitates in cross selling, approaching and targeting new customer segments, providing quick response to the customers in order to deal with their complaints and the problems, saving cost and all these lead to customer satisfaction (Hiltunen et al., 2004) . This internet banking can be looked upon as a practice that strives to save time and cost together with providing easy accessibility and convenience to the customers. 2.4 Internet Banking Technology and its Adaptation The studies conducted by Rogers, (2008), puts forward the fact that behavior of the customers towards adopting internet banking technology can be explained with the help of a theoretical approach which is related to the attitude, perception and feelings of the customers while availing the services offered by the technology. Lee, (2008), moreover identified that spread of innovations follows an S-curve and this curve is used to identify the rate at which an innovation is adopted in the society. This model can be illustrated with the help of the following diagram: Fig. 3: The S-Curve [Source: www.maxwideman.com] The above model also takes into consideration the various characteristics of innovation which tends to make a significant on the acceptance on the part of the customers. So in case of internet banking characteristics are: The benefits provided to the customers by the innovation can be looked upon as greater than the technology that is being replaced i.e. the relative advantage. The effectiveness and efficiency of the new technology to fir into the society i.e. its compatibility. Ease of access on the part of the customers i.e. its complexity. The benefit of the technology can be experienced before purchasing i.e. observability. So the ability on the part of the new technology to satisfy these characteristics tends to accelerate the level of acceptance. Again various studies have been conducted to identify the perspectives on the part of the customers that tend to motivate them so accept the new technology and willingness on their part to use the new system. In this context it has been observed that the level of education and income on the part of the customers makes a significant influence on the degree and extent to which customers focus upon adopting new technology like internet banking. Focusing upon the two factors like education and income, the study of Sathye, (1999) proposed that the degree of acceptance of new technology is enhanced on the part of the customers who are well educated and who are wealthy. On the other hand, age of the customers also makes a significant impact on the adoption of new technology like internet banking and thus it was revealed that, young customers are more attracted towar ds internet banking in comparison to the old customers. In addition to the above aspects, it has also been observed that the process of adopting new technology is also impacted by the factor gender of the customers. In this context, the studies of Kolodinsky et al., (2004), revealed that men are more prone towards making use of and adopting new technology in comparison to women. 2.5 Perceived value of Customers in Internet banking Focusing upon the perception of the customers towards internet banking, Buys and Brown, (2004) enumerated the fact internet banking has been widely accepted across the globe and the simple process following which an individual can review his account, make his payments online and transfer funds between his accounts had led to the popularity of the service among individuals who face time constraints to visit the bank branches in order to carry out such transactions. On the other hand, in addition to these transactional features, internet banking also facilitates the customers with various non transactional features and these features appear to be handy on the part of the customers. Thus while evaluating the perception of the customers; various benefits that were recognized include the following: Convenience From the customers point of view it has been observed that internet banking provide convenience to the customers in carrying their transactions and make their payments from their office or form their home simply by the click of a button. Again they can also track their accounts over internet without having to visit to the bank branch and stand in a queue (Ngurukie, 2007). Other wide range of services include making inquiries regarding the interest rates of the financial products, account updating, etc. and thus the customers perceive internet banking as much more convenient on their part in comparison to the traditional way of banking. Services With the advancements in technology it has become extremely consentient on the part of the customers as well as on the part of the banks to host a wide range of services and which could easily be accessed by the customers by logging in from anywhere and at any time. The various services that are offered include loan calculators, financial planning, equity trading, forecasting and budgeting tools and in addition to these the banks also facilitates the customers with online tax preparation and tax forms. Thus ease of access to various services is perceived as one of the most important factors that attract the customers towards internet banking. Mobility Advancements in technology has emerged in almost all the spheres and thus within the last few years, it has been observed that internet banking has marked its presence in the form of mobile internet banking and this strives to provide unlimited mobility on the part of the customers (Jayawardhena, 2000). This provides them an opportunity to conduct their transactions through their mobile and do not have to log in or access to personal computers or laptops. Moreover these transactions can be carried out form any part of the world and at anytime via internet. Thus the relationship that exists between customer satisfaction and internet banking can be illustrated with the help of the following example: Fig. 4: Relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Internet banking [Source: www.ijstr.org] Thus from the above discussion it is observed that in the context of internet banking the customers tend possess a positive perception and this is mainly because of the various advantages and benefits that are associated with internet banking. However studies conducted by Lin, (2004), also provides a clear idea regarding the perception of the customers which can be termed as negative towards internet banking. Thus while evaluating the negative perceptions; various drawbacks identified include the following: Effective relationship When the customers focuses upon conducting their transactions then they lack the opportunity to establish an effective relationship with the bankers which would be beneficial in faster processing of loan and availing special services which might not be available for the public (Sahut, 2006). Again if an individual has good relationship with the bank manager then he possesses the capability to wave service fees and penal interests and good relationship with the manager can also facilitate them to seek valuable financial advices. Complex Transactions The customers often perceive that some issues take place which cannot be solved over internet and thus it requires face to face interaction with the banking personnel (Joseph Stone, 2003). So in this case internet banking lags behind and thus it becomes necessary on the part of the customers to visit the bank branches. Security The matter of security is perceived as one of the major drawbacks of internet banking and this creates a negative perception on the part of the customers in the context of internet banking. The major threats encountered include phishing, malware, identity theft, unauthorized activities and hacker attacks (Moutinho and Meidan, 1989). Thus from the above discussion it can be inferred that even though internet banking tends to offer a wide range of services and benefits to the customers but there are some areas where it lacks to perform up to the level of expectation of the customers. Thus it leads to a mixed perception on the part of the customers. 2.6 Impact of Internet Banking The impact of internet banking can be analyzed on the basis of the benefits that it provides to the customers as well as to the banks. So in this context it has been observed that internet banking proves to be beneficial to both the financial institutions as well as to the customers (George and Kumar, 2014). From the perspectives of the bank it has been observed that internet banking involves low cost of transactions in comparison to the traditional ways of offering banking services and this is mainly due to the fact that it strives to lower the following expenses on the part of the bank: Banks can save by reducing the staff members involved in customer service since in case of internet banking the customers are involved in self service operations and functions. The banks can save on costs involved in processing the cherubs since in case of internet banking most of the transactions are conducted via electronic payments (Larpsiri et al., 2005). The costs involved in purchasing papers and mail distributions are reduced since in case of internet banking the statements of the banks and its disclosures are published online. The volume of data entry reduces since the applications on the part of the customers are completed and processed online. Thus it can be inferred that it not only helps in reducing the costs but also enhances the efficiency on the part of the banking professionals and this enhances the performance of the bank as a whole. Again it has also been observed that internet banking strives to enhances the business on the part of the banks since it leads to increase in the number of accounts sold, it facilitates the bank to approach a wider segment of the market, facilitates the banks with new market opportunities and leads to enhanced satisfaction on the part of the customers (Leung and Ton, 2015). On the other hand internet banking strives to facilitate the customers with convenience in conducting their operations, they are facilitated with an easy access to their bank accounts, they enjoy the opportunity to conduct their operations at any point of time and from anywhere across the globe (Onay and Ozsoz, 2001). 2.7 Risk Involved in Internet Banking According to Featherman and Pavolu, (2003), various risks are perceived by the customers that tend to make a significant impact on the process of decision making. The various perceived risks can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: Fig. 5: Potential Risks Involved in Internet Banking [Source: www.finweb.com] 2.8 Conceptual Framework This part of the study focuses upon gaining an understanding of the variables that plays a major role in the study how these variables can be classified into dependent and independent variables and how these variables are related to each other and lead to growth of the customer base in the banks. So in this case the independent variables can be considered as the facilities and the services that are provided to the customers through internet banking and the dependent variable is the increase in the number of accounts due to these facilities and services (Ma, 2012). This can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: Fig. 6: Conceptual Framework [Source: self] Thus from the above figure it can be inferred that since internet banking strives to offer a wide range of services to the customers together with various facilities that makes their transactions easy to operate and conduct and these factors lead to customer satisfaction which in turn again lead to enhanced loyalty and word of mouth marketing regarding the services provided by a particular bank. Thus as a result it leads to increase in the number of account openings i.e. increase in the customer base of the banks. 2.9 Critical reflection From the above discussions, it can be inferred that there are various pros and cons associated with internet banking. So on one hand where it tends to provide certain specific benefits to the customers as well as to the banks, it also poses some risks. Moreover the there are various factors that tend to influence the perception of the customers towards the internet banking and those include the services that are offered to the customers through internet banking, technology adaptation, the perceived benefits, perceived risks and security (Alam and Dangarwala, 2011). However the above discussions also strives to point out the fact that the above mentioned factors tends to vary on the basis of the gender, age, level of education and level of income on the part of the customers and thus it becomes important on the part of the banks to establish an effective balance between providing banking services via internet and through bank branches taking into consideration the profile of the custo mers. Again this is important because if the banks can satisfy their existing customers then it would help them to retain their customers and again these satisfied customers would facilitate in word of mouth marketing which would facilitate the banks in attracting new customers (Zhu and Chen, 2012). This in turn would lead to more number of account openings and thus would enhance the customer base. Thus the interdependency of the factors can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: Fig. 7: Relationship between various Aspects of Internet Banking [Source: www.bankingandsavings.com] Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.0 Introduction The researcher has undertaken the study to gain an understanding of the impact of internet banking in account opening i.e. increase in the customer base. The study would be conducted in relevance to HSBC Holdings Plc. Si in the particular study it becomes important on the part of the researcher to select the appropriate tools and techniques which would facilitate in accomplishing the desired goals and objectives. Thus the research methodology would provide assistance to the researcher to identify the techniques that would the suit the purpose of the study on the basis of the nature of the topic chosen (Hair and Money, 2011). Moreover the researcher in his process of conducting the study in an effective and efficient manner would focus upon adopting a synchronized process to ensure that each and every aspects of the research is emphasized upon as and when required. 3.1 Research Onion Research onion provides assistance to the researcher to adopt and follow the process of the study in a synchronized manner and thus the research onion by facilitating the researcher with its various layers tends to equip the researcher to identify the various techniques that can be utilized to identify the facts (Bernard, 2011). It proposes the research approaches, philosophies and design that are available to the researcher and the ways in which they can be utilized in the most efficient manner to suit the purpose of the study. The research onion can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: Fig. 8: Research Onion [Source: www.showacse.derby.ac.uk] Thus from the above the figure it is observed that the research onion consists of six layers which strives to provide the study a clear structure to the research methodology which would facilitate the researcher to efficiently analyze the impact of internet banking in account opening. 3.2 Research Philosophy The researcher is facilitated with various upon to decide upon in the context of the research philosophy to be adopted. The options include the positivism philosophy, the realism philosophy and the interpretivism philosophy (VanderStoep and Johnson, 2009). However it is important on the part of the researcher to select the research philosophy on the basis of the nature of the study and the purpose of the research. This would facilitate him achieving the goals and objectives of the study. Thus in this particular the researcher would focus upon adopting both the positivism and the realism philosophy. This is because in the present study the researcher would strive towards gaining an overall understanding of the impact of internet opening in account opening and thus he should focus upon various aspects like the perception of the customers towards internet banking, the impact of internet banking, and level of satisfaction on the part of the customers and the impact of internet banking on the performance of the bank as a whole. So in this case he would have to collect information and facts from both the perspectives of the managers of the bank as well as from the perspectives of the customers. The responses of the managers of the bank would contribute towards qualitative data while the responses of the customers would be quantitative data. Thus, since qualitative data is involved, realism philosophy would be suitable and again since quantitative data is involved in the st udy, positivism philosophy would be suitable. 3.3 Research Approach Taking into consideration the research approach, it has been observed that the researcher possess the following options like the he can either adopt the inductive approach or the deductive approach as per the demand of the study. The deductive approach is mainly concerned with the development of the hypothesis on the basis of the available theory and then the researcher tends to formulate strategy in order to test the hypothesis. Thus it can be said that deductive approach facilitates the researcher to deduce the conclusions from various propositions (Saunders et al., 2009). Thus the approach that is followed in the deductive methods moves from particular to general and if it observed that there exist a link between particular case examples or a theory then it is observed to be true in various cases. So it provides assistance to the researcher to identify the whether the relationship that has been identified can be obtained in general circumstances. So in this approach, the hypothesis is set at first and then study if conducted and structure if adopted to identify whether the set hypothesis is right or wrong. This can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: Fig. 9: Deductive Approach [Source: www.researchmethodology.net] On the other hand in case of inductive approach the researcher tends to collect the data relevant to the undertaken topic of study and once the data has been collected the researcher strives to identify the relevant information from the collected data through the in depth diagnosis and analysis. Moreover he strives to identify the trend of the data and then focuses upon developing a theory in order to provide an explanation to the identified patterns (Morgan, 2007). Thus in this approach the researcher tends to move form particular experiences to more general form of propositions i.e. they move from specific to general and from data to theory. This can be illustrated with the help of the following figure: Fig. 10: Inductive Approach [Source: www.researchmethodology.net] So the researcher in order to identify the impact of internet banking in account opening would focus upon adapting a deductive approach since in order to conduct the study in an effective and efficient manner he has set a hypothesis on the basis of the available theories. Thus he focuses to move form particular to general and then would collect the data to test the hypothesis. 3.4 Research Design The research design can be describe as the process with the help of which the researcher tends to design and formulate the blueprint of the process of the research and also strives to record the process and the contents of the study. The various options in the context of research design that is available to the researcher include the explanatory research design, the exploratory research design and the descriptive research design (Harrison and Reilly, 2011). The researcher strives to adopt the explanatory research design if he is equipped with a pre-planned process to conduct the study and if the study is based upon his ideas and approaches. Again the researcher strives to adopt the descriptive research design if focuses upon identifying the reasons that lie behind the occurrence of the various events and this mainly identified through verification of the theories that are available which would be helpful in conducting the study in an effective and efficient manner (Hakim, 2007). Fina lly the explanatory research design incorporates both the explanatory and the exploratory design and thus in this research design the researcher strives to focus upon ethnography for achieving the desired results. Thus taking into consideration the above aspects the researcher would conduct the study with the help of the descriptive research design. This is because it would provide an opportunity to the researcher to analyze the topic that has been undertaken for the study in an in depth manner. Again the researcher by adopting the descriptive research design would not only analyze the impact of internet banking in account opening but would also strive towards identifying the shift in the paradigm from traditional banking to internet banking and its impact on the performance of the bank. 3.5 Primary and Secondary Data The researcher would focus upon collecting both the primary and the secondary data to identify the impact of internet banking in account opening. The primary can be collected with the help of the various tools and techniques that include the interview method and the questionnaire survey method. Thus the primary data collected by the researcher is looked upon as the first hand data which is collected for some specific purposes (Cooper and Schindler, 2010). On the other hand the researcher would also require secondary data for successful achievement of its objectives and thus the secondary data would be available from various online and offline sources that include the journals, books, websites and library sources. Thus the secondary data can be looked upon as the data that has been collected at some previous time for some other purposes and the researcher in order to pave the right way for his study would utilize those data. In the particular study the researcher would collect the secondary data from the various published journals, academic sources and websites whereas in order to collect the primary data the researcher would strive to conduct an interview with the managers of HSBC Holdings Plc and also conduct a questionnaire survey to collect the responses of the customers. 3.6 Qualitative and Quantitative data The data that would be collected by the researcher from the managers of the bank and the customers may differ from each other on the basis of their nature i.e. the data might be quantitative or qualitative in nature. Thus on the basis of the nature of the collected data the researcher would make use of the tools to conduct an analysis of the data collected. Taking into consideration the qualitative data, it can be said that qualitative data can be looked upon as the detailed form of the data i.e. the details of the responses collected by the researcher in a narrative form. Again quantitative data refers to those data which are recorded in the numerical form by making an effective use of the statistical tools and techniques. Moreover it is also the fact that qualitative data facilitates the researcher to collect the details regarding the topic undertaken for the study but it suffers from some drawbacks i.e. it involves a lot of time to collect the qualitative data (Crowther and Lancaster, 2012). On the other hand in case of quantitative data, less time is involved in collecting the data and it facilitates the researcher to collect large number of observations. However there exist certain limitations of the variables and these limitations tend to restrict the process of thinking of the respondents whom the researcher approaches to collect the data. In the particular study the researcher would focus upon collecting the qualitative data from the managers of the bank in order to identify the various aspects related with internet banking. The researcher would conduct an interview with the managers by gaining prior appointment. Moreover the interview would be conducted via Skype or over telephone so that the issues of distance and traveling can be solved. The researcher would conduct the quantitative data by conducting a survey with the help of questionnaire targeted towards the customers. The researcher would make use of emails in order to collect the filled in questionnaires from the customers and only those questionnaires would be considered for the study which have been properly filled in by the customers. 3.7 Sampling Choice The selection of the samples for conducting the study can be non-probabilistic or probabilistic in nature. So in the particular study undertaken by the researcher, the manager of the bank for the interview process would be selected on the basis of non-probabilistic sampling technique (Saunders et al., 2009). This is mainly because the questions for the interview process would mainly be targeted towards the managers of the bank. On the other hand the questionnaire would be targeted towards collecting the responses of the customers and the customers for the survey would be considered on the basis of probabilistic sampling technique. 3.8 Sample Size The researcher in order to collect the responses of the managers to gain in depth understanding of the various aspects related with internet banking would strive to approach 5 managers of HSBC Holdings Plc and conduct an interview of the selected managers. On the other hand the researcher would target 100 customers to conduct the survey so that various responses would be collected and analyzed to identify the impact of internet banking ion account opening. 3.9 Ethical issues In order to conduct the research in an efficient and effective manner, researcher has to use some ethical rules and regulations. An ethical consideration helps the researcher to avoid the issues and maintain the rules and regulation in the research paper. Issues or problems are directly related with the research methodology (Cameron, 2009). Thus the researcher has to take the special attention in an initial stage of the research methodology i.e. research design. According to the ethics rules and regulations, researcher will not use data and information (that is collected by the researcher during the data collections methods) for future or commercialization purpose. Thus the researcher should use the data and information for academic purpose. The researcher has to maintain the ethical consideration in order to gather relevant data and information. 3.10 Limitation of the research In this research paper researcher will use the primary data collection methods techniques, thus this process take more time and time consuming process. Apart from them time limitation is the another limitation of the research. In this research paper researcher should face the problems in order to collect the appropriate data and information from the respondents (Saunders et al., 2009). Apart from them, the interview process should be friendly. Selection of the appropriate methods and techniques in order to evaluate the quantitative data and to monitor and verify for accuracy are the limitation of the research paper. In survey and interview process researcher has to ask clarifying and related questions. The limitation related with the quantitative study is associated with the reliability and validity. Data selection and the time frame are the limitations of the research paper. Apart from them selections of the sample data and sample size, availability of the respondent is also the lim itation of this research paper. 3.11 Gantt chart In order to conduct the research in proper time and proper ways time table and time frame play important role Bernard (2011). The total time is used in order to complete the research is 10 week and from them 1 week is used as a buffer time. Secondary data identification, research preparation and the topic selection are done in first week. In the second week literature review and in third week research methodology is done. Data analyzing process is done in fourth week. In the last week finalization and submission process is done. The time frame or grant chart of the research paper is shown in below: Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Main Activities/ Stages Topic selection and its scope Identification of secondary data sources Preparation of research proposal Preparation of literature review Description of research methodology Preparing interview/survey, ethics form Collecting primary data Analyzing data Comparing findings Conclusion and recommendations collecting feedback from the mentor Finalizing and submission Fig. 11: Gantt chart References Abeka, S. 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